Which strain of E. coli is known to cause Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS) in children?

Escherichia coli O157:H7 is the strain most commonly associated with Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS), particularly in children. This strain produces a potent toxin known as Shiga toxin, which can lead to severe gastrointestinal illness and complications such as HUS, a condition characterized by kidney failure, hemolytic anemia, and low platelet count. Children are particularly vulnerable due to their developing immune systems, and even a small amount of this bacterium can lead to serious health issues.

While the other strains mentioned, such as O145, O26, and O111, can cause illness and may be implicated in various symptoms, they are not as specifically linked to HUS as O157:H7. Understanding the specific characteristics of E. coli strains is crucial for preventing foodborne illnesses and ensuring food safety, particularly in vulnerable populations like children.