What type of bacteria are known to cause disease in humans?

Pathogenic bacteria are the type of bacteria specifically known to cause disease in humans. These microorganisms have the ability to invade host tissues, evade the immune system, and produce toxins that can lead to illness. Common examples of pathogenic bacteria include Salmonella, E. coli, and Listeria, all of which are notorious for causing foodborne illnesses.

In contrast, beneficial bacteria play a crucial role in various processes, such as digestion and protecting against harmful pathogens. Fermentative bacteria are involved in the fermentation process for food production, like yogurt and sauerkraut, and are generally not associated with disease. Environmentally friendly bacteria can refer to microorganisms that contribute to ecological balance and soil health, rather than being agents of disease. Therefore, understanding the role of pathogenic bacteria is essential for food safety and public health, particularly in managing and preventing foodborne illnesses.